橄榄球
(中学)

由: 凯蒂Pennamped & 亚伦哈特
特殊贡献: Deedi博兰
设计: 詹妮弗Truong

类似于橄榄球的比赛早在公元前300年的希腊就出现了. 现代版的橄榄球运动是在拉格比橄榄球学校创立的, 19世纪的沃里克郡(英格兰). 1857年，爱丁堡大学和爱丁堡学院(又名Accies)在苏格兰的一场比赛中，这项娱乐游戏首次被正式确立。. 爱丁堡协会仍然是一个正式的橄榄球联盟足球俱乐部，也是苏格兰最古老的橄榄球俱乐部. 在世界范围内, 橄榄球是一项非常im体育运动，并影响了足球, 澳式足球, 以及时尚界(比如橄榄球衫).

橄榄球的国家标准和成果重点

标准1

• S1.M2: 抛出 with a mature pattern for distance or power appropriate to the practice task (6); 抛出 with a mature pattern for distance or power appropriate to the activity in a dynamic environment (7); 抛出 with a mature pattern for distance or power appropriate to the activity during small-sided game play (8).
• S1.M3: Catches with a mature pattern from a variety of trajectories using different objects in varying practice tasks (6); Catches with a mature pattern from a variety of trajectories in small-sided game play (7).
• S1.M4: 用手传球和接球，结合跑步和改变方向的运动模式 & 速度快，擅长进攻类游戏，如篮球、旗橄榄球或手球(6).
• S1.M5: 抛出, 而静止, a leading pass to a moving receiver (6); 抛出, 移动时, a leading pass to a moving receiver (7); 抛出 a lead pass to a moving partner off a dribble or pass (8).
• S1.M6: 执行轴心, 假货, 和 注射的步骤 designed to create open space during practice tasks (6); Executes at least one of the following designed to create open space during small-sided game play: pivots, 假货, 注射的步骤 (7); Executes at least two of the following to create open space during modified game play: pivots, 假货, 注射的步骤, 屏幕(8).
• S1.M7: 在没有防守压力的情况下执行以下进攻技能:支点，给予 & go 假货 (6); Performs the following offensive skills with defensive pressure: pivot, give & go, 假货 (7); Executes the following offensive skills during small-sided game play: pivot, give & 去,假货(8).
• S1.M11: 保持防御准备状态, 重量落在脚掌上, arms extended 和 eyes on midsection of the offensive player (6); Slides in all directions while on defense without crossing feet (7); Drop-steps in the direction of the pass during player-to-player defense (8).
• S2.M1: 利用运动来创造开阔的空间.g.走，跑，跳 & 着陆)与运动(例如.g., varying pathways; change of speed, direction or pace) (6); Reduces open space by using locomotor movements (e.g.走，跑，跳 & 落地，改变身体的大小和形状)，结合运动概念(如.g., 减少空间的角度, reducing distance between player 和 goal) (7); Opens 和 closes space during small-sided game play by combining locomotor movements with movement concepts (8).

标准2

• S2.M2: Executes at least one the following offensive tactics to create open space: moves to open space without the ball; uses a variety of passes; uses pivot, 假或给 & go (6); Executes at least two of the following offensive tactics to create open space: give & go; a variety of passes; 假货, pivot) (7); Executes at least three of the following offensive tactics to create open space: moves to create open space on 和 off the ball; uses a variety of passes, 假货, 和 pathways; give & go (8).
• S2.M3: Creates open space by using the width 和 length of the field/court on offense (6); Creates open space by staying spread on offense, 和 快速切割和过场 (7); Creates open space by staying spread on offense, 快速切割和过场, 使用无球假动作(8).
• S2.M4: Reduces open space on defense by making the body larger 和 reducing passing angles (6); Reduces open space on defense by staying close to the opponent as he/she nears the goal (7); Reduces open space on defense by staying on the goal side of the offensive player 和 reducing the distance to him/her (third-party perspective) (8).S2.M5: Reduces open space by not allowing the catch (denial) or by allowing the catch but not the return pass (6); Reduces open space by not allowing the catch (denial) or anticipating the speed of the object or person for the purpose of interception or deflection (7); Reduces open space by not allowing the catch (denial) 和 anticipating the speed of the object or person for the purpose of interception or deflection (8).
• S2.M6: Transitions from offense to defense or defense to offense by recovering quickly (6); Transitions from offense to defense or defense to offense by recovering quickly 和 communicating with teammates (7); Transitions from offense to defense or defense to offense by recovering quickly, 与队友沟通，充分利用优势(8).
• S3.M7: Identifies the components of skill- related fitness (6); Distinguishes between health-related 和 skill-related fitness (7); Compares 和 contrasts health-related fitness components (8).